Indirect Assessment of Outcomes in Education: A-Review

Authors

  • J Bhatia Dept. of Computer Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab), India
  • H Singh Dept. of Computer Science, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib (Punjab), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26438/ijcse/v5i12.273278

Keywords:

outcome based assessment, programme outcomes, course outcomes, outcome based education, survey tool, indirect assessment

Abstract

Outcome Based Education (OBE) is the focal point of teaching and learning methodology. To achieve OBE many components are essential like Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs), Exit Outcomes (EOs), Programme Outcomes (POs), Course Outcomes (COs), Graduate Attributes, Lesson Outcomes, Unit Outcomes, Vision and Mission. Attainment of any of these components lead to the achievement of OBE and validate the teaching- learning process. Modes of Outcome Based Assessment can be direct (tests, assignments, projects, end examinations, formatives) as well as indirect (feedback, discussion forums, blogs). Much work has been done to check the attainment of outcomes and achievement of OBE using the direct assessment tools. This study focuses on the development of a systematic approach to check the achievement of OBE using automated indirect assessment tool. Traditional way of assessing the attainment of outcomes is not optimal. As to manually calculate the attainment from the huge datasets requires much effort. Hence, automated process of indirect assessment of outcomes has become the necessity in today’s era.

References

Lakshmi H.N, G. Bhagya Sri, Yashasree. J, S. Bhargav, B. Satheesh Kumar, K. Anusha, "Assessment method for Course Outcome attainment: A case study in engineering education", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.5, Issue.8, pp.94-100, 2017.

B.R. Patel, "Comparative analysis of classification algorithm in EDM for improving student performance", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.5, Issue.10, pp.171-175, 2017

M. Kasunic, Designing an Effective Survey. Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute, September 2005.

A. Naz and M. Casto, “Bring best of two worlds in a software engineering class, student outcomes of Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology (ABET) and information literacy standards of Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL),” in Proceedings of Frontiers in Education Conference FIE, 2013, pp. 80–86.

C. S. Unigraz and C. Steiner, “D8.1b Version: 2.5 Refinement and Improvement of Evaluation Framework,” vol. 1, no. 49, 2010.

K. Y. Tshai et al., “Outcome-based education - The assessment of programme educational objectives for an engineering undergraduate degree”, Engineering Education, vol. 9, pp. 74–85, July 2003.

J. Burkey and W. L. Kuechler, “Web-based surveys for corporate information gathering: A bias-reducing design framework,” IEEE Trans. Prof. Commun., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 81–93, 2003.

D.Sindhuja and V.Geetha , "Modified and Adaptive E-learning", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.3, Issue.5, pp.55-61, 2015.

P. F. Mead and M. M. Bennett, “Practical Framework for Bloom’s Based Teaching and Assessment of Engineering Outcomes,” in Proceedings of Educ. Train. Optical Photonics, 2009, pp. 3-12.

R. M. Crespo et al., “Aligning assessment with learning outcomes in outcome-based education,” in IEEE Education Engineering Conference, pp. 1239–1246, 2010.

Z.T. Deng, R. Rojas-oviedo, and X. Qian, “Evaluation of Assessment Tools for Outcome Based Engineering Courses,” in Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition, pp. 1-8, 2003.

L. J. Shuman, M. Besterfield-Sacre, H. Wolfe, C. J. Atman, J. McGourty, R. L. Miller, B. M. Olds, and G. M. Rogers, “Defining the outcomes: A framework for EC-2000,” IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 100–110, May 2000.

M. Khalifa and R. Lam, “Web-based learning: effects on learning process and outcome,” IEEE Trans. Educ., vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 350–356, Nov. 2002.

W. Mansor, H. Hashim, S. A. C. Abdullah, M. U. Kamaluddin, M. F. A. Latip, A. I. M. Yassin, T. K. A. Rahman, Z. Zakaria, and M. M. Kamal, “Preliminary results on the implementation of Outcome-Based Education on the non-examinable computer engineering modules,” in Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE, 2008, p. S4B–20.

J. Turns, C. J. Atman, and R. Adams, “Concept maps for engineering education: A cognitively motivated tool supporting varied assessment functions,” IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 164–173, May 2000

M. S. O. Masni-Azian, A., Rahimah, A.H, “Towards OBE : A Case Study of Course Outcome ( CO ) and Programme Outcome ( PO ) Attainment for Product Design and Development Course,” IOSR J. Res. Method Educ., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 55–61, 2014.

G. MacKerron, “Implementation, implementation, implementation: Old and new options for putting surveys and experiments online”, Journal of Choice Modelling, vol. 4, pp. 20–48, 2011.

G. K. Chung, T. C. Harmon, and E. L. Baker, “The impact of a simulation-based learning design project on student learning,” IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 390–398, 2001

Downloads

Published

2025-11-12
CITATION
DOI: 10.26438/ijcse/v5i12.273278
Published: 2025-11-12

How to Cite

[1]
J. Bhatia and H. Singh, “Indirect Assessment of Outcomes in Education: A-Review”, Int. J. Comp. Sci. Eng., vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 273–278, Nov. 2025.